Wall Street is diving deeper into tokenization, transforming real-world assets into digital tokens on the blockchain. But there’s a catch: should they venture into the “Wild West” of decentralized finance, with its promise of automated financial services and potential for high returns, is a regulatory gray area.

It is decentralized, opaque, and lacks the familiar oversight of traditional finance. Yet, despite the risks, the allure of tokenization is drawing mainstream financial players into this uncharted territory.

The core issue is whether Wall Street should integrate with DeFi, which some view as a risky territory. Alternatively, institutions could develop private blockchains or cautiously use tokenized products on public platforms. Steven Hu, head of digital assets at Standard Chartered, emphasized the need for centralized oversight in tokenization. He argues that such control ensures the authenticity and proper use of assets, which is crucial for large-scale adoption.

The market for tokenization is growing, with an estimated $30 trillion potential by 2034, with trade finance contributing 16%. Currently, the market value of tokenized real-world assets is around $13.2 billion, dominated by private credit and U.S. Treasuries. BlackRock and Franklin Templeton are leading in the tokenized Treasuries segment, using blockchain to record ownership of government securities.

However, there are differing opinions on the future of tokenization. Crypto-native players like Nana Murugesan of Matter Labs believe that public blockchains will drive larger ecosystems. Franklin Templeton, for instance, expects its BENJI tokens to eventually trade across the broader digital-asset ecosystem. This shift requires regulatory clarity, especially concerning stablecoins and compliance with anti-money laundering regulations.

Regulators and financial institutions are exploring the benefits of tokenization. Singapore’s Monetary Authority, through Project Guardian, is testing asset tokenization with major banks and companies. While cautious about unbacked crypto assets, the regulator sees potential in tokenizing financial assets, aiming for broader adoption and efficiency gains.

Goldman Sachs and other major institutions are developing digital asset platforms, often using private blockchains. Franklin Templeton’s Roger Bayston suggests that greater understanding and regulatory acceptance will eventually bring DeFi into mainstream finance, enhancing capital market efficiencies.

Jeremy Ng, co-founder of OpenEden, suggests that DeFi is essential for the growth of tokenized real-world assets. As these ecosystems develop, the demand for tokenized assets may increase. However, this growth depends on regulatory clarity and the establishment of secure, compliant frameworks.